2025 SPSP Omnibus Survey Report

Prepared by Verasight

Verasight conducted a free nationally-representative survey of 4,000 adults to answer questions written by attendees at the 2025 Society for Personality and Social Psychology (SPSP) conference. Respondents were randomly assigned to one of four modules. Data were collected from February 28 - March 6, 2025. If you are planning on conducting a survey, contact us.

Report Formatting Notes

Variable names: Raw data was provided to question contributors. Variable names are included in question headings.
Experiment Tracks: Within each module, respondents were randomly assigned to an “A” or “B” experiment track. Respondents in track “A” saw the “Wording A” questions throughout the survey and respondents in track “B” saw the “Wording B” questions throughout the survey.

Key Takeaways

1 Politics Module

1.1 Estimated Racial/Ethnic Composition of Affordable Housing Residents (Variable: politics_1)

*Imagine that an affordable housing building was constructed in your neighborhood. How many residents in the new building would be from your racial/ethnic group? (N = 1,000)*
Response	Percent
All of the residents	5%
Almost all of the residents	13%
More than half of the residents	20%
About half of the residents	21%
Less than half of the residents	21%
Almost none of the residents	7%
None of the residents	2%
I don’t know	11%

1.2 Support for Affordable Housing Development in Neighborhood (Variable: politics_2)

Please indicate the extent to which you agree or disagree with the following statement:
I would support the development of affordable housing in my neighborhood. (N = 1,000)
Response	Percent
Strongly agree	46%
Somewhat agree	24%
Neither agree nor disagree	15%
Somewhat disagree	6%
Strongly disagree	9%

1.3 Perception of Government Support for Low-Income Housing (Variable: politics_3)

Please indicate the extent to which you agree or disagree with the following statement:
The government provides enough support for people with low incomes to afford housing. (N = 1,000)
Response	Percent
Strongly agree	11%
Somewhat agree	17%
Neither agree nor disagree	18%
Somewhat disagree	24%
Strongly disagree	30%

1.4 Political Group Overlap with Other Social Identities (Variable: politics_4)

*To what extent do members of your political group tend to also belong to your other social groups (e.g., your race, religion, sexuality, etc.)? (N = 1,000)*
Response	Percent
1 Not at all	8%
2	4%
3	11%
4	36%
5	25%
6	9%
7 Completely	7%

1.5 Perceived Social Standing on the U.S. Economic Ladder (Variable: politics_5)

Imagine a ladder representing the United States. At the top of the ladder are the people who are the best off. At the bottom of the ladder are the people who are the worst off.
Please enter the rung that best represents where you stand on the ladder (1 = worst off, to 7 = best off). (N = 1,000)
Response	Percent
1 Worst off	4%
2	7%
3	21%
4	34%
5	22%
6	7%
7 Best off	5%

1.6 Perceived Social Standing in Work/School Community (Variable: politics_6)

Imagine a ladder representing your work or school community. At the top of the ladder are the people who are the best off. At the bottom of the ladder are the people who are the worst off.
Please enter the rung that best represents where you stand on the ladder (1 = worst off, to 7 = best off). (N = 1,000)
Response	Percent
1 Worst off	4%
2	6%
3	17%
4	34%
5	24%
6	9%
7 Best off	6%

1.7 Agreement with Statement: U.S. Society in Crisis Due to Democratic Party (Variable: politics_7)

Please indicate the extent to which you agree or disagree with the following statement:
Society is suffering a crisis of values and corruption because of the Democratic Party. (N = 1,000)
Response	Percent
1 Strongly disagree	25%
2	9%
3	9%
4	19%
5	10%
6	7%
7 Strongly agree	21%

1.8 Reactions to Thinking About Past Wars and Atrocities (Variable: politics_8)

Wording A

Please indicate the extent to which you agree or disagree with the following statement:
Thinking about past wars and atrocities upsets me. (N = 499)
Response	Percent
Strongly disagree	3%
Disagree	9%
Somewhat disagree	7%
Somewhat agree	27%
Agree	25%
Strongly agree	20%
N/A	9%

Wording B

Please indicate the extent to which you agree or disagree with the following statement:
Thinking about past wars and atrocities disturbs me. (N = 501)
Response	Percent
Strongly disagree	4%
Disagree	6%
Somewhat disagree	10%
Somewhat agree	24%
Agree	28%
Strongly agree	22%
N/A	6%

1.9 Agreement with Statement: Authorities Hide the Truth About Events (Variable: politics_9)

Some political and social events are debated. Some people believe that the “official version” of these events could be an attempt to hide the truth to the public. This “official version” could mask the fact that these events have been planned secretly by a covert alliance of powerful individuals and organizations. Please indicate how much you agree or disagree with the following statement:
I think the official version of events given by the authorities very often hides the truth. (N = 1,000)
Response	Percent
1 Completely false	3%
2	6%
3	8%
4	23%
5	27%
6	14%
7 Completely true	19%

1.10 Agreement with Statement: U.S. Institutions Should be Burned Down (Variable: politics_10)

Please indicate the extent to which you agree or disagree with the following statement:
When I think about the United States’ political and social institutions, I cannot help thinking “just let them all burn.” (N = 1,000)
Response	Percent
Strongly disagree	18%
Disagree	15%
Somewhat disagree	10%
Neither agree nor disagree	28%
Somewhat agree	15%
Agree	6%
Strongly agree	7%

1.11 Agreement with Statement: U.S. Society Should be Burned Down (Variable: politics_11)

Please indicate the extent to which you agree or disagree with the following statement:
I think American society should be burned to the ground. (N = 1,000)
Response	Percent
Strongly disagree	43%
Disagree	20%
Somewhat disagree	6%
Neither agree nor disagree	18%
Somewhat agree	6%
Agree	4%
Strongly agree	4%

1.12 Agreement with Statement: The U.S. Should Tear Down Institutions and Start Over (Variable: politics_12)

Please indicate the extent to which you agree or disagree with the following statement:
We cannot fix the problems in the United States’ social institutions, we need to tear them down and start over. (N = 1,000)
Response	Percent
Strongly disagree	23%
Disagree	17%
Somewhat disagree	14%
Neither agree nor disagree	24%
Somewhat agree	13%
Agree	4%
Strongly agree	6%

1.13 Agreement with Statement: The Official Version of Events Hides the Truth (Variable: politics_13)

How true or untrue is the following statement:
I think that the official version of the events given by the authorities very often hides the truth. (N = 1,000)
Response	Percent
1 Definitely not true	3%
2	11%
3	35%
4	26%
5 Definitely true	25%

1.14 Support for National Security Over Refugee Rights (Variable: politics_14)

*Denying some rights to refugees is OK if it ensures national security and stability. (N = 1,000)*
Response	Percent
1 I hate this idea	16%
2	8%
3	11%
4	23%
5	15%
6	10%
7 I love this idea	17%

1.15 Agreement with Statement: Protests Should be Restricted for Public Order (Variable: politics_15)

*The government should restrict protests to maintain public order and prevent violence. (N = 1,000)*
Response	Percent
1 I hate this idea	24%
2	13%
3	13%
4	22%
5	10%
6	7%
7 I love this idea	12%

1.16 Agreement with Statement: Aggressive Policing Will Stop Crime (Variable: politics_16)

*Aggressive policing - maybe even a little harder than the laws allow - will stop crime. (N = 1,000)*
Response	Percent
1 I hate this idea	26%
2	12%
3	14%
4	21%
5	11%
6	6%
7 I love this idea	9%

1.17 Agreement with Statement: Censoring Media to Protect Reputations (Variable: politics_17)

*Some TV and newspapers should be closed down for reporting that harms peoples’ reputations. (N = 1,000)*
Response	Percent
1 I hate this idea	23%
2	11%
3	14%
4	23%
5	13%
6	4%
7 I love this idea	13%

1.18 Agreement with Statement: Illegal Immigrants Should be Deported Without Hearings (Variable: politics_18)

*Because illegal immigrants pose a threat, we should simply deport them without legal hearings and lawyers. (N = 1,000)*
Response	Percent
1 I hate this idea	30%
2	10%
3	12%
4	17%
5	10%
6	7%
7 I love this idea	15%

1.19 Agreement with Statement: Democrats Are Dividing the U.S. (Variable: politics_19)

Please indicate the extent to which you agree or disagree with the following statement:
Democrats have been harming Americans by trying to divide the U.S. (N = 1,000)
Response	Percent
1 Strongly disagree	29%
2	9%
3	9%
4	17%
5	8%
6	7%
7 Strongly agree	21%

1.20 Similarity of Political Views with Romantic Partner (Variable: politics_20)

*How similar are your political views compared to your romantic partner? (N = 1,000)*
Response	Percent
Not similar at all	3%
Not very similar	4%
Neutral	17%
A little similar	13%
Very similar	39%
I don’t have a romantic partner	24%

1.21 Self-Described Political Affiliation (Variable: politics_21)

*How would you describe your political affiliation? (N = 1,000)*
Response	Percent
Very conservative	12%
Moderately conservative	15%
Slightly conservative	26%
Slightly liberal	20%
Moderately liberal	15%
Very liberal	12%

1.22 Changes in Relationship Satisfaction (Variable: politics_22)

*How has your relationship satisfaction changed since the November 2024 Presidential Election? (N = 1,000)*
Response	Percent
Strong negative change	3%
Moderate negative change	3%
Slight negative change	5%
No change	56%
Slight positive change	4%
Moderate positive change	4%
Strong positive change	8%
I do not have a relationship partner	16%

1.23 Trust in Elon Musk’s Leadership in Government Efficiency (Variable: politics_23)

Elon Musk leads the new Department of Government Efficiency, tasked with reviewing and recommending cuts to congressionally approved funds, including those for national and local projects. How much do you trust or distrust him to make these decisions? (N = 1,000)
Response	Percent
Strongly distrust	39%
Somewhat distrust	10%
Neutral	24%
Somewhat trust	13%
Strongly trust	14%

1.24 Social Resources in the U.S. & Agreemment with Election Results (Variable: politics_24)

Wording A

Please indicate the extent to which you agree or disagree with the following statement:
There are no limits to the social resources of American society. (N = 499)
Response	Percent
Strongly disagree	11%
Somewhat disagree	14%
Slightly disagree	12%
Neutral	38%
Slightly agree	12%
Somewhat agree	7%
Strongly agree	6%

Wording B

*To what extent do you agree with the results of this election? (N = 501)*
Response	Percent
Strongly disagree	20%
Somewhat disagree	4%
Slightly disagree	4%
Neutral	25%
Slightly agree	5%
Somewhat agree	14%
Strongly agree	27%

1.25 Perceived Disgust Toward Political Parties (Variable: politics_25)

Wording A

*How disgusting do you find the Republican Party? (N = 499)*
Response	Percent
1 Not at all disgusting	31%
2 Somewhat disgusting	16%
3 Moderately disgusting	18%
4 Very disgusting	12%
5 Completely disgusting	23%

Wording B

*How disgusting do you find the Democratic Party? (N = 501)*
Response	Percent
1 Not at all disgusting	37%
2 Somewhat disgusting	18%
3 Moderately disgusting	17%
4 Very disgusting	10%
5 Completely disgusting	19%

1.26 Perception of Freedom to Choose Family Associations in Society (Variable: politics_26)

*For this question, think about the people in your society more generally and not necessarily about people you know.*
How much do you feel the following statement accurately describes people in your society: It is often the case that people in my society cannot freely choose which family member to associate with. (N = 1,000)
Response	Percent
1 Strongly disagree	16%
2 Disagree	15%
3 Somewhat disagree	11%
4 Neither agree nor disagree	40%
5 Somewhat agree	10%
6 Agree	4%
7 Strongly agree	3%

1.27 Inclusion of Republicans at Social Events (Variable: politics_27)

Note: Respondents were shown this question and the following question in random order.

*If you were at a party and saw a Republican standing alone and feeling left out, would you try to include them in your conversation? (N = 1,000)*
Response	Percent
Yes	61%
No	14%
Not sure	26%

1.28 Inclusion of Democrats at Social Events (Variable: politics_28)

Note: Respondents were shown this question and the previous question in random order.

*If you were at a party and saw a Democrat standing alone and feeling left out, would you try to include them in your conversation? (N = 1,000)*
Response	Percent
Yes	66%
No	10%
Not sure	23%

1.29 Expected Inclusion from Republicans (Variable: politics_29)

Note: Respondents were shown this question and the following question in random order.

*If you were standing alone at a party and feeling left out, what percentage of Republicans do you think would include you in their conversation? (N = 1,000)*
Response	Percent
0-20%	24%
20-40%	19%
40-60%	30%
60-80%	14%
80-100%	14%

1.30 Expected Inclusion from Democrats (Variable: politics_30)

Note: Respondents were shown this question and the previous question in random order.

*If you were standing alone and feeling left out at a party, what percentage of Democrats do you think would include you in their conversation? (N = 1,000)*
Response	Percent
0-20%	23%
20-40%	15%
40-60%	32%
60-80%	17%
80-100%	13%

1.31 Belief in Conspiracy Theories (Variable: politics_31)

Note: Respondents were shown the following debrief after answering this question:

Thank you for participating in this study. In this survey, you were presented with one of two versions of a statement about public trust in official accounts of major events. The percentage of Americans reported as agreeing with the statement (either 5% or 55%) was randomly assigned and not necessarily accurate.

This variation was intentional and designed to examine how perceived social consensus influences individual beliefs and responses. Studies have shown that people’s opinions can be shaped by what they believe others think.

We appreciate your participation and assure you that your responses contribute to valuable research on public opinion.

Wording A

5% of the US population slightly or strongly agree with the following statement. To what extent do YOU agree or disagree?
The official accounts of events such as the 9/11 attacks, the Apollo Moon landing, and climate change deliberately hide the truth. (N = 499)
Response	Percent
Strongly disagree	24%
Slightly disagree	14%
Neither agree nor disagree	29%
Slightly agree	21%
Strongly agree	12%

Wording B

55% of the US population slightly or strongly agree with the following statement. To what extent do YOU agree or disagree?
The official accounts of events such as the 9/11 attacks, the Apollo Moon landing, and climate change deliberately hide the truth. (N = 501)
Response	Percent
Strongly disagree	23%
Slightly disagree	11%
Neither agree nor disagree	23%
Slightly agree	26%
Strongly agree	16%

2 Health Module

2.1 Age When First Explored Community Without Adult Supervision (Variable: health_1)

At what age did you first start exploring your community without adult supervision (e.g., taking walks, going to stores)?
If you aren’t sure, please provide your best guess. (N = 1,000)
Response	Percent
Younger than 5	4%
5-7	17%
8-10	29%
11-13	30%
14-16	11%
Older than 16	9%

2.2 Percentage of Monthly Salary Saved for Pension or Retirement (Variable: health_2)

*What percentage of your monthly salary do you save toward your pension or retirement? (N = 1,000)*
Response	Percent
I don’t have a salary or pension/retirement	30%
0%, no saving	20%
1-3%	13%
4-6%	14%
7-9%	7%
10-12%	8%
More than 12%	8%

2.3 Estimated Daily Caffeine Consumption (Variable: health_3)

If you had to guess, how many mg of caffeine do you drink a day?
(1 shot of espresso averages 64mg, 1 energy drink averages 84mg) (N = 1,000)
Response	Percent
0mg - 20mg	26%
21mg - 60mg	22%
61mg - 100mg	21%
101mg - 140mg	15%
141mg- 190mg	5%
191mg - 230mg	4%
231mg +	7%

2.4 Reasons Adults Have Stuffed Animals (Variable: health_4)

Why do you think there are adults who have stuffed animals?
Select all that apply. (N = 1,000)
Item	Selected
Because they make them feel good.	54%
Because they are collectibles.	49%
Because they make them feel supported.	35%
Because they feel soft.	30%
Because it gives them a sense of belonging.	24%
I don’t know.	12%

2.5 Agreement with Statement: Social Identities and Oppression (Variable: health_5)

Please indicate the extent to which you agree or disagree with the following statement:
Individuals who share my social identities (race/ethnicity; gender; sexual orientation; religion) experience significant oppression in our society. (N = 1,000)
Response	Percent
Strongly agree	12%
Agree	23%
Neither agree nor disagree	36%
Disagree	18%
Strongly disagree	12%

2.6 Importance of Seeking Help for Depression (Variable: health_6)

*To what extent do you disagree or agree that seeking help for depression is needed for people with depression to feel better? (N = 1,000)*
Response	Percent
Strongly disagree	3%
Moderately disagree	2%
Slightly disagree	3%
Neither disagree nor agree	11%
Slightly agree	14%
Moderately agree	25%
Strongly agree	41%

2.7 Frequency of Thoughts About Death (Variable: health_7)

*How often do you think about death? (N = 1,000)*
Response	Percent
Never	8%
Very Rarely	16%
Rarely	17%
Occasionally	39%
Frequently	14%
Very Frequently	6%

2.8 Feelings of Exclusion in Everyday Life (Variable: health_8)

*To what extent do you feel ignored and excluded in everyday life? (N = 1,000)*
Response	Percent
1 I never feel this way	17%
2	20%
3	16%
4	20%
5	15%
6	6%
7 I always feel this way	6%

2.9 Influence of Teacher Belonging on Student Belonging (Variable: health_9)

*Do you believe that a teacher or faculty member’s sense of belonging can influence a student’s sense of belonging? (N = 1,000)*
Response	Percent
Yes	77%
No	6%
Unsure	17%

2.10 Impact of Therapist’s Depression on Their Ability to Provide Therapy (Variable: health_10)

*Imagine a psychotherapist who has been treated for depression for many years. How do you think their own experience in therapy would affect their ability to provide therapy for others? (N = 1,000)*
Response	Percent
It would definitely make them a better therapist	26%
It would probably make them a better therapist	36%
It might or might not make them a better therapist	34%
It would probably make them a worse therapist	3%
It would definitely make them a worse therapist	2%

2.11 Personal Connection to Someone with a Personality Disorder (Variable: health_11)

*Do you personally know anyone with a personality disorder (e.g., narcissistic personality disorder, borderline personality disorder, antisocial personality disorder, etc.)? (N = 1,000)*
Response	Percent
Yes	51%
No	27%
Maybe	15%
I never thought about it	7%

2.12 Frequency of Online Meanness in the Past Year (Variable: health_12)

*In the past year, how often have you been mean to another person while online? (N = 1,000)*
Response	Percent
1 Never	64%
2	20%
3	8%
4	5%
5	1%
6 Everyday/Almost Everyday	2%

2.13 Frequency of Cursing at Someone Online in the Past Year (Variable: health_13)

*In the past year, how often have you cursed at someone while online? (N = 1,000)*
Response	Percent
1 Never	67%
2	14%
3	8%
4	5%
5	4%
6 Everyday/Almost Everyday	2%

2.14 Frequency of Sending Rude Messages Online in the Past Year (Variable: health_14)

*In the past year, how often have you sent a rude message to someone? (N = 1,000)*
Response	Percent
1 Never	59%
2	24%
3	9%
4	3%
5	2%
6 Everyday/Almost Everyday	2%

2.15 Frequency of Teasing Someone Online in the Past Year (Variable: health_15)

*In the past year, how often have you teased someone while online? (N = 1,000)*
Response	Percent
1 Never	72%
2	13%
3	8%
4	3%
5	2%
6 Everyday/Almost Everyday	1%

2.16 Frequency of Name-Calling Online in the Past Year (Variable: health_16)

*In the past year, how often have you called someone mean names while online? (N = 1,000)*
Response	Percent
1 Never	74%
2	13%
3	6%
4	3%
5	2%
6 Everyday/Almost Everyday	2%

2.17 Frequency of Making Fun of Someone Online in the Past Year (Variable: health_17)

*In the past year, how often have you made fun of someone while online? (N = 1,000)*
Response	Percent
1 Never	73%
2	13%
3	6%
4	3%
5	2%
6 Everyday/Almost Everyday	2%

2.18 Weekly Exercise Frequency (Variable: health_18)

*On average, how many times a week do you exercise for at least 20 minutes? (N = 1,000)*
Response	Percent
0	23%
1	12%
2	15%
3	18%
4	11%
5	9%
6	4%
7 or more	8%

2.19 Difficulty of Decluttering (Variable: health_19)

Clutter can be thought of as anything that takes up space that does not serve your life, that is difficult to manage, and/or feels overwhelming. Clutter can be physical or mental, related to physical spaces or more intangible things like appointments in a schedule or digital files.
*How difficult is it for you to remove items from your life that would count as clutter? (N = 1,000)*
Response	Percent
1 Not difficult at all	24%
2	12%
3	15%
4	20%
5	13%
6	8%
7 Extremely difficult	8%

2.20 Agreement with Statements: Parental Involvement (Variable: health_20)

Wording A

Please indicate the extent to which you agree or disagree with the following statement:
My parents are overly involved in my personal decisions, even when I am capable of handling them on my own. (N = 488)
Response	Percent
1 Strongly Disagree	57%
2	15%
3	17%
4	6%
5 Strongly Agree	5%

Wording B

Please indicate the extent to which you agree or disagree with the following statement:
I feel that my parents try to prevent me from experiencing failure or setbacks, even when it would help me grow. (N = 512)
Response	Percent
1 Strongly Disagree	36%
2	20%
3	26%
4	9%
5 Strongly Agree	9%

2.21 Percentage of Social Media Feed Considered Negative or Distressing (Variable: health_21)

*On average, what amount of your social media feed is negative and/or distressing? (N = 1,000)*
Response	Percent
1 None of it	16%
2	15%
3	17%
4	20%
5	19%
6	6%
7 All of it	4%
I don’t use social media	2%

2.22 Overcautiousness About Germs (Variable: health_22)

Please indicate the extent to which you agree or disagree with the following statement:
Some people might describe me as overly cautious when it comes to germs. (N = 1,000)
Response	Percent
1 Strongly disagree	19%
2 Disagree	22%
3 Slightly disagree	13%
4 Neither disagree nor agree	23%
5 Slightly agree	13%
6 Agree	6%
7 Strongly agree	3%

2.23 Perceived Similarity Between Current and Future Self (Variable: health_23)

*How similar do you feel between your current self and your future self in 10 years? (N = 1,000)*
Response	Percent
1 Not similar at all	13%
2	7%
3	11%
4	30%
5	19%
6	9%
7 Most similar	12%

2.24 Frequency of Experiencing Uncertainty in Daily Life (Variable: health_24)

*How often do you experience uncertainty in your daily life? (N = 1,000)*
Response	Percent
Never	10%
A few times a year	27%
A few times per month	29%
A few times per week	22%
Multiple times a day	12%

2.25 Frequency of Wanting to Avoid Negative Emotions (Variable: health_25)

*Over the course of a typical week, how often do you WANT TO AVOID feeling negative emotions? (N = 1,000)*
Response	Percent
Never	7%
A small amount of the time	22%
Half of the time	17%
Most of the time	29%
All the time	24%

2.26 Perceived Freedom to Express True Emotions (Variable: health_26)

*On a scale of 1-7, how much do you believe you have freedom in expressing your true emotions? (N = 1,000)*
Response	Percent
1 Not free at all to express my true emotions	6%
2	3%
3	9%
4 Neutral	28%
5	18%
6	16%
7 Extremely free to express my true emotions	21%

2.27 Frequency of Remote Work / Socialization with Co-Workers (Variable: health_27)

Wording A

*How often do you work remotely (e.g., from home, or another location away from your coworkers)? (N = 488)*
Response	Percent
5 or more days per week	13%
3-4 days per week	8%
1-2 days per week	11%
Less than 1 day per week	8%
Never	54%
Other (Please specify)	7%

Wording B

*How often do you interact socially with coworkers outside of work meetings or tasks (e.g., informal conversations, social events, or team-building activities), either virtually or in person? (N = 512)*
Response	Percent
5 or more days per week	5%
3-4 days per week	7%
1-2 days per week	17%
Less than 1 day per week	23%
Never	39%
Other (Please specify)	9%

2.28 Highest Level of Parental/Guardian Education (Variable: health_28)

*What is the highest level of education of your parent(s)/guardian(s)? (N = 1,000)*
Response	Percent
No high school	2%
Some high school	8%
High school diploma	33%
Some college	17%
Associate degree	7%
Bachelor’s degree	21%
Postgraduate degree	12%

2.29 Ethical Acceptability of Artificial Uterus (Variable: health_29)

Wording A

*To what extent do you think that using an artificial uterus to conceive and give birth to babies is ethically acceptable? (N = 488)*
Response	Percent
Not at all ethically acceptable	27%
Slightly ethically acceptable	10%
Somewhat ethically acceptable	14%
Moderately ethically acceptable	24%
Very ethically acceptable	10%
Highly ethically acceptable	7%
Extremely ethically acceptable	9%

Wording B

Artificial uterus has a great potential to promote gender equity by reducing the physical and career-related burdens of pregnancy, allowing individuals of all genders to share reproductive consequences more equally.
Given this information, to what extent do you think that using an artificial uterus to conceive and give birth to babies is ethically acceptable? (N = 512)
Response	Percent
Not at all ethically acceptable	41%
Slightly ethically acceptable	15%
Somewhat ethically acceptable	12%
Moderately ethically acceptable	11%
Very ethically acceptable	7%
Highly ethically acceptable	4%
Extremely ethically acceptable	9%

2.30 Choice Between Goal Weight vs. Longer Life Expectancy (Variable: health_30)

If you had to choose between losing enough weight to get down to your goal weight and losing five years of your life OR accepting your body as it is and gaining an extra ten years of life, which do you choose? (N = 1,000)
Response	Percent
Lose weight to number you want and lose five years of your life	17%
Accept your body as it is and you get an extra ten years of life	83%

2.31 Twilight Series: Team Edward vs. Team Jacob (Variable: health_31)

Wording A

*For Bella in the Twilight series, are you on Team Edward or Team Jacob? (N = 488)*
Response	Percent
I’ve never seen/read Twilight	55%
Edward	28%
Jacob	17%

Wording B

*For Bella in the Twilight series, are you on Team Jacob or Team Edward? (N = 512)*
Response	Percent
I’ve never seen/read Twilight	51%
Jacob	24%
Edward	25%

3 Identity Module

3.1 Identification as Multiracial (Variable: identity_1)

*Do you identify as Multiracial (of more than one race)? (N = 1,000)*
Response	Percent
No	81%
Yes	19%

3.2 Agreement with Statement: More Young People Than Old People (Variable: identity_2)

Please indicate the extent to which you agree or disagree with the following statement:
I am often surrounded by more young people than old people. (N = 1,000)
Response	Percent
1 Strongly disagree	6%
2 Disagree	12%
3 Slightly disagree	12%
4 Neutral	24%
5 Slightly agree	17%
6 Agree	19%
7 Strongly agree	10%

3.3 Relationship Status (Variable: identity_3)

*What is your relationship status? (N = 1,000)*
Response	Percent
Single	25%
Dating	5%
Living with a partner	11%
Married	45%
Separated	2%
Divorced	8%
Widowed	4%
Other	1%

3.4 Effects of Following Viral TikTok Trends on Self-Perception (Variable: identity_4)

Wording A

*How do you feel about yourself after being influenced to follow viral TikTok trends? Select all that apply. (N = 500)*
Item	Selected
No effect	31%
Relaxed that you are able to fit in	11%
Feeling like you can never keep up with trends	9%
Happier through fitting in with others	9%
Feeling left out from the ever changing trend cycle	4%
Stressed about fitting in with others	3%
Sense of worthlessness from the trend cycle	3%
I don’t use TikTok	44%

Wording B

*Does following viral TikTok trends through TikTok Shop effect the way you feel about yourself? Select all that apply. (N = 500)*
Item	Selected
No effect	35%
Relaxed that you are able to fit in	11%
Happier through fitting in with others	9%
Feeling like you can never keep up with trends	7%
Feeling left out from the ever changing trend cycle	3%
Stressed about fitting in with others	2%
Sense of worthlessness from the trend cycle	2%
I don’t use TikTok	40%

3.5 Frequency of Gender Cohesion in the United States (Variable: identity_5)

*How often do you feel a sense of cohesion among people of your own gender in the United States? (N = 1,000)*
Response	Percent
Never	9%
Very rarely	9%
Rarely	15%
Occasionally	33%
Frequently	24%
Very frequently	6%
All the time	4%

3.6 Perceptions of Media Representation of Individuals Like You (Variable: identity_6)

*How do you feel about the portrayal of media characters that look like you? (N = 1,000)*
Response	Percent
Extremely positive	4%
Positive	16%
Somewhat positive	15%
Neutral	47%
Somewhat negative	9%
Negative	6%
Extremely negative	3%

3.7 Addressing Anti-Black Racism (Variable: identity_7)

Wording A

*To what extent do you believe allyship (individuals’ actions to support Black Americans) is effective in addressing anti-Black racism? (N = 500)*
Response	Percent
1 Not at All	16%
2	13%
3 Somewhat	24%
4	17%
5 Moderately	17%
6	6%
7 Very Much	8%

Wording B

*To what extent do you believe collective action (organized movements’ efforts to support Black Americans) is effective in addressing anti-Black racism? (N = 500)*
Response	Percent
1 Not at All	16%
2	10%
3 Somewhat	29%
4	12%
5 Moderately	21%
6	5%
7 Very Much	8%

3.8 Perceived Morality of Artificial Intelligence (Variable: identity_8)

*From a scale of 1 to 7, how much do you think AI (artificial intelligence) is moral, where 1 means extremely immoral and 7 means extremely moral? (N = 1,000)*
Response	Percent
1 Extremely immoral	8%
2	9%
3	19%
4	39%
5	15%
6	6%
7 Extremely moral	5%

3.9 Perceptions of nonbinary individuals - white/confused (Variable: identity_9)

Wording A

*To what extent do you agree that nonbinary individuals are white? (N = 500)*
Response	Percent
Strongly agree	3%
Agree	8%
Somewhat agree	7%
Neither agree or disagree	59%
Somewhat disagree	7%
Disagree	8%
Strongly disagree	8%

Wording B

*To what extent do you agree that nonbinary individuals are confused? (N = 500)*
Response	Percent
Strongly agree	25%
Agree	10%
Somewhat agree	12%
Neither agree or disagree	24%
Somewhat disagree	6%
Disagree	10%
Strongly disagree	13%

3.10 Perceptions of nonbinary individuals - androgynous/liberal (Variable: identity_10)

Wording A

*To what extent do you agree that non-binary individuals are androgynous? (N = 500)*
Response	Percent
Strongly agree	2%
Agree	8%
Slightly agree	14%
Neither agree nor disagree	59%
Slightly disagree	6%
Disagree	5%
Strongly disagree	7%

Wording B

*To what extent do you agree that non-binary individuals are liberal? (N = 500)*
Response	Percent
Strongly agree	19%
Agree	20%
Slightly agree	10%
Neither agree nor disagree	42%
Slightly disagree	4%
Disagree	3%
Strongly disagree	3%

3.11 Perceptions of nonbinary individuals - odd/young (Variable: identity_11)

Wording A

*To what extent do you agree that nonbinary individuals are odd? (N = 500)*
Response	Percent
Strongly agree	10%
Agree	11%
Slightly agree	16%
Neither agree nor disagree	30%
Slightly disagree	8%
Disagree	13%
Strongly disagree	12%

Wording B

*To what extent do you agree that nonbinary individuals are young? (N = 500)*
Response	Percent
Strongly agree	13%
Agree	21%
Slightly agree	24%
Neither agree nor disagree	31%
Slightly disagree	4%
Disagree	6%
Strongly disagree	2%

3.12 Perceptions of nonbinary individuals - socially warm/communally-oriented (Variable: identity_12)

Wording A

*To what extent do you agree that nonbinary individuals are socially warm? (N = 500)*
Response	Percent
Strongly agree	3%
Agree	11%
Slightly agree	13%
Neither agree nor disagree	54%
Slightly disagree	9%
Disagree	6%
Strongly disagree	3%

Wording B

*To what extent do you agree that nonbinary individuals are communally-oriented? (N = 500)*
Response	Percent
Strongly agree	4%
Agree	16%
Slightly agree	16%
Neither agree nor disagree	47%
Slightly disagree	7%
Disagree	5%
Strongly disagree	5%

3.13 Perceptions of nonbinary individuals - nonreligious/queer (Variable: identity_13)

Wording A

*To what extent that you agree that nonbinary individuals are nonreligious? (N = 500)*
Response	Percent
Strongly agree	7%
Agree	10%
Somewhat agree	15%
Neither agree or disagree	48%
Somewhat disagree	7%
Disagree	9%
Strongly Disagree	4%

Wording B

*To what extent that you agree that nonbinary individuals are queer in terms of sexuality? (N = 500)*
Response	Percent
Strongly agree	14%
Agree	15%
Somewhat agree	17%
Neither agree or disagree	41%
Somewhat disagree	4%
Disagree	5%
Strongly disagree	3%

3.14 Agreement with Statement: Friends Should Hold Similar Values (Variable: identity_14)

*Please indicate the extent to which you agree or disagree with the following statement:*
*It is important to me that my friends hold similar attitudes and values to my own. (N = 1,000)*
Response	Percent
Strongly disagree	4%
Disagree	20%
Neither agree nor disagree	25%
Agree	39%
Strongly agree	12%

3.15 Identity Overlap Between Self and Sibling (Variable: identity_15)

Consider the relationship between you and your closest in age sibling. How much overlap is there between your identity (i.e., who you are as a person) and their identity (i.e., who they are as a person)? (N = 1,000)
Response	Percent
1 No overlap in identities	21%
2	6%
3	11%
4	17%
5	22%
6	5%
7 Complete overlap in identities	8%
N/A, I do not have a sibling	10%

3.16 Quality of Life Compared to Sibling (Variable: identity_16)

*Consider your quality of life at this moment in comparison to your closest in age sibling. How would you rate your quality of life in comparison to that of your sibling? (N = 1,000)*
Response	Percent
1 My quality of life is poor in comparison to my sibling	8%
2	6%
3	12%
4 My quality of life is the same as my sibling	31%
5	13%
6	8%
7 My quality of life is better in comparison to my sibling	13%
N/A, I do not have a sibling	10%

3.17 Perceived Gender Cohesion in Country (Variable: identity_17)

*How often do you feel that there a sense of cohesion among men in your country? (N = 1,000)*
Response	Percent
Not at all	6%
Very rarely	6%
Rarely	18%
Occasionally	43%
Frequently	20%
Very frequently	4%
Extremely	2%

3.18 Importance of Personality in Attraction (Variable: identity_18)

Wording A

*Please indicate how important you think personality is to men when they consider their attraction to someone else. (N = 500)*
Response	Percent
1 Not at all important	4%
2	3%
3	8%
4 Somewhat important	34%
5	18%
6	18%
7 Extremely important	14%

Wording B

*Please indicate how important you think personality is to women when they consider their attraction to someone else. (N = 500)*
Response	Percent
1 Not at all important	1%
2	2%
3	4%
4 Somewhat important	22%
5	20%
6	20%
7 Extremely important	31%

3.19 Importance of Household Contributions in Attraction (Variable: identity_19)

Wording A

*Please indicate how important you think that household contributions and engagement are to men when they consider their attraction to someone else? (N = 500)*
Response	Percent
1 Not at all important	6%
2	2%
3	10%
4 Somewhat important	39%
5	22%
6	10%
7 Extremely important	10%

Wording B

*Please indicate how important you think that household contributions and engagement are to women when they consider their attraction to someone else? (N = 500)*
Response	Percent
1 Not at all important	3%
2	0%
3	5%
4 Somewhat important	38%
5	19%
6	18%
7 Extremely important	17%

3.20 Importance of Financial Resources in Attraction (Variable: identity_20)

Wording A

*Please indicate how important you think that financial resources are to men when they consider their attraction to someone else? (N = 500)*
Response	Percent
1 Not at all important	3%
2	3%
3	12%
4 Somewhat important	36%
5	22%
6	12%
7 Extremely important	12%

Wording B

*Please indicate how important you think that financial resources are to women when they consider their attraction to someone else? (N = 500)*
Response	Percent
1 Not at all important	2%
2	1%
3	4%
4 Somewhat important	31%
5	21%
6	19%
7 Extremely important	22%

3.21 Importance of Values in Attraction (Variable: identity_21)

Wording A

*Please indicate how important you think that values are to men when they consider their attraction to someone else. (N = 500)*
Response	Percent
1 Not at all important	3%
2	4%
3	7%
4 Somewhat important	33%
5	20%
6	19%
7 Extremely important	15%

Wording B

*Please indicate how important you think that values are to women when they consider their attraction to someone else. (N = 500)*
Response	Percent
1 Not at all important	2%
2	0%
3	4%
4 Somewhat important	22%
5	20%
6	23%
7 Extremely important	29%

3.22 Importance of Facial Appearance in Attraction (Variable: identity_22)

Wording A

*Please indicate how important you think that facial appearance is to men when they consider their attraction to someone else. (N = 500)*
Response	Percent
1 Not at all important	1%
2	1%
3	4%
4 Somewhat important	19%
5	24%
6	27%
7 Extremely important	24%

Wording B

*Please indicate how important you think that facial appearance is to women when they consider their attraction to someone else. (N = 500)*
Response	Percent
1 Not at all important	1%
2	1%
3	7%
4 Somewhat important	28%
5	23%
6	19%
7 Extremely important	20%

3.23 Importance of Physique in Attraction (Variable: identity_23)

Wording A

*Please indicate how important you think that physique is to men when they consider their attraction to someone else. (N = 500)*
Response	Percent
1 Not at all important	2%
2	0%
3	4%
4 Somewhat important	21%
5	23%
6	23%
7 Extremely important	26%

Wording B

*Please indicate how important you think that physique is to women when they consider their attraction to someone else. (N = 500)*
Response	Percent
1 Not at all important	1%
2	1%
3	8%
4 Somewhat important	33%
5	24%
6	17%
7 Extremely important	16%

3.24 Most Effective Workplace Action to Address Climate Change (Variable: identity_24)

*Which of the following is the most effective action you can take in your workplace to help address climate change? (N = 1,000)*
Response	Percent
Conserve energy (e.g., through thermostat settings, using energy efficient appliances)	39%
Sustainable transport (e.g., commuting via public transport or carpool)	13%
Advocating for pro-environmental policy change (e.g., encouraging your company to adopt sustainability targets)	19%
Influencing others to take pro-environmental actions (e.g., talking to co-workers about the pro-environmental actions they can take)	17%
Sustainable food choices (e.g., reducing your food waste and choosing plant-based meals)	12%

3.25 Motivation for Advocating Social/Political Change (Variable: identity_25)

Think about a big change you would like to see implemented in society regarding a social or political issue (climate, immigration, etc.). Imagine you have the opportunity to find out, candidly, how everyone in your country feels about the issue. Which finding would motivate you more to advocate for this change? (N = 1,000)
Response	Percent
More people than you realized want this change to happen	57%
More people than you realized think this change is possible	43%

3.26 Preference for Manager Experience (Variable: identity_26)

*Please indicate which option you would prefer. (N = 1,000)*
Response	Percent
A mid-level manager of an ethnically diverse team of 10.	70%
A senior manager under the supervision of a Black woman.	30%

3.27 Preference for Career Advisor/Mentor of Same Identity (Variable: identity_27)

Wording A

*How important is it to you that you have a career advisor or mentor who is of the same racial/ethnic identity as you? (N = 500)*
Response	Percent
Not at all important	57%
Slightly important	10%
Somewhat important	9%
Moderately important	13%
Very important	6%
Highly important	3%
Extremely important	3%

Wording B

*How important is it to you that you have a career advisor or mentor who is of the same gender identity as you? (N = 500)*
Response	Percent
Not at all important	47%
Slightly important	12%
Somewhat important	12%
Moderately important	14%
Very important	6%
Highly important	5%
Extremely important	3%

3.28 Age at Which Children Should Be Held Responsible for Actions (Variable: identity_28)

*At what age do you believe children should be held responsible for their actions? (N = 1,000)*
Response	Percent
3 or younger	10%
4	8%
5	15%
6	17%
7	12%
8	8%
9 or older	31%

3.29 Frequency of Seeking Job Performance Feedback From Co-Workers (Variable: identity_29)

Note: This question was displayed to respondents in a random order with the following two questions.

*In order to find out how well you are performing in your present job, how FREQUENTLY do you seek information from your co-workers about your work performance? (N = 1,000)*
Response	Percent
Very Frequently	5%
Frequently	17%
Occasionally	38%
Infrequently	18%
Very Infrequently	22%

3.30 Frequency of Seeking Job Performance Feedback From Supervisor (Variable: identity_30)

Note: This question was displayed to respondents in a random order with the previous question and following question.

*In order to find out how well you are performing in your present job, how FREQUENTLY do you seek feedback from your supervisor about your work performance? (N = 1,000)*
Response	Percent
Very Frequently	8%
Frequently	17%
Occasionally	41%
Infrequently	16%
Very Infrequently	17%

3.31 Frequency of Seeking Feedback About Opportunity for Advancement From Supervisors (Variable: identity_31)

Note: This question was displayed to respondents in a random order with the previous two questions.

*In order to find out how well you are performing in your present job, how FREQUENTLY do you seek feedback from your supervisor about potential for advancement? (N = 1,000)*
Response	Percent
Very Frequently	6%
Frequently	13%
Occasionally	41%
Infrequently	20%
Very Infrequently	20%

4 Personality Module

4.1 Invitation Choices in Social Scenario (Variable: personality_1)

Wording A

You know three people from work - Person A, Person C, and Person D.
Person D is out-of-town.
You had a recent interaction with Person A and Person C. In the interaction, Person A is just talking to you, and has shifted their body to exclude Person C from the conversation.
You have extra tickets for a movie. You can invite Person A, Person C, and/or Person D. All three people are available to attend.
Who would you invite? Select all that apply. (N = 506)
Item	Selected
Person C	68%
Person A	37%
Person D	34%

Wording B

You know three people from work - Person A, Person C, and Person D.
Person D is out-of-town.
You had a recent interaction with Person A and Person C. In the interaction, Person A is just talking to you, and has shifted their body to exclude Person C from the conversation.
You have extra tickets for a movie. You can invite Person A, Person C, and/or Person D. All three people are available to attend.
Who should you invite? Select all that apply. (N = 494)
Item	Selected
Person C	72%
Person D	37%
Person A	36%

4.2 Agreement with Social Hierarchies in Society (Variable: personality_2)

Wording A

*Please indicate the extent to which you agree or disagree with the following statement:*
*An ideal society requires some groups to be on top and others to be on the bottom. (N = 506)*
Response	Percent
Strongly disagree	21%
Disagree	15%
Somewhat disagree	15%
Neutral	23%
Somewhat agree	15%
Agree	7%
Strongly agree	5%

Wording B

*Please indicate the extent to which you agree or disagree with the following statement:*
*An ideal society requires some individuals to be on the top and others to be on the bottom. (N = 494)*
Response	Percent
Strongly disagree	14%
Disagree	15%
Somewhat disagree	14%
Neutral	26%
Somewhat agree	17%
Agree	10%
Strongly agree	4%

4.3 Nostalgia for the Past United States (Variable: personality_3)

*Please indicate the extent to which you agree or disagree with the following statement:*
*I am nostalgic for the way the United States used to be. (N = 1,000)*
Response	Percent
Strongly disagree	6%
Disagree	10%
Neither agree nor disagree	29%
Agree	34%
Strongly agree	21%

4.4 Manager Experience Preferences (Variable: personality_4)

Please indicate which option you would prefer.
(N = 1,000)
Response	Percent
A mid-level manager of an ethnically diverse team of 10.	65%
A senior manager under the supervision of a Black man.	35%

4.5 Interpretation of Product Pricing Signals (Variable: personality_5)

*What does the price of a product typically indicate to you? Select all that apply. (N = 1,000)*
Item	Selected
Quality	65%
Affordability	52%
Brand reputation	41%
Technology	19%
Sustainability	18%
Innovation	16%
Other (please specify)	5%

4.6 AI Salary Scenario (Variable: personality_6)

Wording A

Imagine that an autonomous, embodied artificial intelligence (a robot that is not owned by a human or organization) is hired to work in the same role as you, performing similar tasks. Which of the following best explains your stance on whether and why the AI should get paid the same salary as you? Select all that apply. (N = 506)
Item	Selected
No, the AI should not — because the AI does not have important financial needs (e.g., food, housing, healthcare, hygiene)	35%
No, the AI should not — because paying the AI devalues human labor	31%
No, the AI should not — because AI does not experience emotions, effort, or job satisfaction and does not benefit from wages in this way	31%
Yes, the AI should — because AI performs the same tasks and contributes equally to work outcomes; compensation should be based on performance	10%
Yes, the AI should — because this avoids exploitation of labor for all workers, regardless of their nature.	5%
Other, please specify	4%
Yes, the AI should — because the AI has important financial needs (e.g., charging, travel, internet access, repair)	3%

Wording B

Imagine that an autonomous, embodied artificial intelligence (a robot that is not owned by a human or organization) is hired to work in the same role as you, performing similar tasks. Which of the following best explains your stance on whether and why the AI should get paid a salary? Select all that apply. (N = 494)
Item	Selected
No, the AI should not — because the AI does not have important financial needs (e.g., food, housing, healthcare, hygiene)	40%
No, the AI should not — because AI does not experience emotions, effort, or job satisfaction and does not benefit from wages in this way	31%
No, the AI should not — because paying the AI devalues human labor	25%
Yes, the AI should — because AI performs the same tasks and contributes equally to work outcomes; compensation should be based on performance	9%
Yes, the AI should — because the AI has important financial needs (e.g., charging, travel, internet access, repair)	6%
Yes, the AI should — because this avoids exploitation of labor for all workers, regardless of their nature.	5%
Other, please specify	2%

4.7 Most Personally Meaningful Place in Life (Variable: personality_7)

*What place in your life are you most attached to? (N = 1,000)*
Response	Percent
Home	81%
Someone else’s home	4%
Work	6%
School	2%
Community place	3%
Commercial place	1%
Other (please specify)	3%

4.8 Agreement with Statement: Criminals vs. Non-Criminals (Variable: personality_8)

*Please indicate the extent to which you agree or disagree with the following statement:*
*Criminals and non-criminals are not fundamentally different. (N = 1,000)*
Response	Percent
1 Strongly disagree	23%
2	11%
3	10%
4	23%
5	15%
6	7%
7 Strongly agree	11%

4.9 Influence of Natural Order on Moral Judgments (Variable: personality_9)

When evaluating a person’s actions, how much importance do you put on the action belonging to the Natural Order of Things? (“The Natural Order of Things” is “the way things should be”) (N = 1,000)
Response	Percent
1 None at all	13%
2	7%
3	9%
4	30%
5	21%
6	10%
7 A lot	10%

4.10 Guilt About Leisure (Variable: personality_10)

*Have you ever felt guilty or bad about spending time on leisure because you thought you should be doing something productive (e.g., work) instead? (N = 1,000)*
Response	Percent
Yes	64%
No	36%

4.11 Perceived Cultural Openness (Variable: personality_11)

*How culturally open do you consider yourself to be? (N = 1,000)*
Response	Percent
0 Not open at all	1%
1 Mostly Not Open	3%
2 Somewhat Not Open	5%
3 Somewhat Open	30%
4 Mostly Open	33%
5 Very Open	28%

4.12 Listening Habits and Music Overexposure (Variable: personality_12)

Wording A

*You can overexpose yourself to your favorite song and ruin the enjoyable experience of it. Would you continue listening even when you are sick of it? (N = 506)*
Response	Percent
Yes, I would continue listening.	46%
No, I would stop listening.	54%

Wording B

*Would you continue listening to a song even after you are sick of it? (N = 494)*
Response	Percent
Yes, I would continue listening.	34%
No, I would stop listening.	66%

4.13 Enjoyment of Music Over Time (Variable: personality_13)

Wording A

*How much will your enjoyment of your current favorite 150 songs change in the next 10 years? (N = 506)*
Response	Percent
Will enjoy much less over time	5%
Will enjoy a little less over time	17%
Will enjoy about the same	56%
Will enjoy a little more over time	11%
Will enjoy much more over time	11%

Wording B

*How much will your enjoyment of your current favorite 150 songs change in the next 2 years? (N = 494)*
Response	Percent
Will enjoy much less over time	3%
Will enjoy a little less over time	23%
Will enjoy about the same	58%
Will enjoy a little more over time	8%
Will enjoy much more over time	7%

4.14 Social Media Posting Habits (Variable: personality_14)

*Over the past two years, which type of contents have you most frequently posted on social media? (N = 1,000)*
Response	Percent
Random events (e.g. daily life updates, memes, spontaneous thoughts)	33%
Moments when I was having fun (e.g. vacation, parties, social gatherings)	27%
Moments when I achieved something (e.g. marriage, awards, graduation, start a new degree or other academic/professional achievements)	11%
Others	8%
I don’t post on social media	21%

4.15 Agreement with Statement: Feeling Invisible (Variable: personality_15)

Please indicate the extent to which you agree or disagree with the following statement:
I feel invisible. (N = 1,000)
Response	Percent
1 Not at all true	29%
2	13%
3	12%
4	18%
5	16%
6	4%
7 Very true	7%

4.16 Agreement with Statement: Feeling Respected in Daily Interactions (Variable: personality_16)

*Please indicate the extent to which you agree or disagree with the following statement:*
*I feel respected in most everyday interactions with others. (N = 1,000)*
Response	Percent
Not at all true	4%
Mostly untrue	9%
Neither true nor untrue	27%
Mostly true	48%
Very true	12%

4.17 Invitation Choices in Social Scenario (Variable: personality_17)

Wording A

You know three people from work - Person A, Person C, and Person D.
Person D is out-of-town.
You had a recent interaction with Person A and Person C. Everyone is talking, but Person A seemed more interested in what you had to say compared to what Person C had to say. Person A also asked you more questions than they asked Person C.
You have extra tickets for a movie. You can invite Person A, Person C, and/or Person D. All three people are available to attend.
Who would you invite? Select all that apply. (N = 506)
Item	Selected
Person A	78%
Person C	38%
Person D	29%

Wording B

You know three people from work - Person A, Person C, and Person D.
Person D is out-of-town.
You had a recent interaction with Person A and Person C. Everyone is talking, but Person A seemed more interested in what you had to say compared to what Person C had to say. Person A also asked you more questions than they asked Person C.
You have extra tickets for a movie. You can invite Person A, Person C, and/or Person D. All three people are available to attend.
Who should you invite? Select all that apply. (N = 494)
Item	Selected
Person A	76%
Person C	42%
Person D	30%

4.18 Agreement with Statement: Taking Pleasure in Others’ Failures (Variable: personality_18)

Please rate your agreement with the following statement:
I take pleasure in the failures of others. (N = 1,000)
Response	Percent
Strongly disagree	55%
Disagree	24%
Neither agree nor disagree	15%
Agree	4%
Strongly agree	2%

4.19 Preference Between Conservation vs. Openness Values (Variable: personality_19)

Please rate which of these two values are more important to you, personally: Conservation (valuing security for myself and my society, leaving up to social expectations, preserving tradition), or Openness (valuing independence of thought and action, looking for new experiences and varied life). (N = 1,000)
Response	Percent
Definitely Conservation more than Openness	6%
Conservation more than Openness	8%
Somewhat Conservation more than Openness	12%
Neutral	34%
Somewhat Openness more than Conservation	16%
Openness more than Conservation	15%
Definitely Openness more than Conservation	8%

4.20 Preference for More Friends vs. More Money (Variable: personality_20)

*Would you prefer to have more friends but less money or more money but fewer friends? (N = 1,000)*
Response	Percent
More money but fewer friends	71%
More friends but less money	29%